Ancestors of Greeks Spartans(Warriors) and Athenians(Sea-farers)

MINOVA GODDESS OF CREATE ANCESTORS OF GREECE AND ROME

மீனாட்சி அம்மன் (கொற்றவை அரசி)
Who is the Ancestor of Greeks Spartans(Warriors) and Athenians(Sea-farers) whose were the lineage of Minoan Kingdom or the Kingdom Meenakshi amman world dominance victory

The Founder of greeks were the Kottravai(durga) Worshippers of Palai(desert-land) Called Maravars(Warriors) and Paravars(Sea-farers) of Neithal(sea-land) who spread the female Goddess worship in the world

Minova God is Meenakshi Amman The Women God Ruler whose orgin from madurai Tamil Nadu from Pandyan Kingdom win the whole world. who found the kingdom in Europe and Egypt. The lineage of Meenakshi amman are Maravars and Paravars are Mother lineage people emerge in europe as rulers and god warriors.

மினோவா கடவுள்(மதுரை மீனாட்சி)

Who is this mystery goddess? The serpent-wielding woman of Crete.

Posted on September 10, 2010by Carisa

This serpent-wielding Goddess belongs to the Minoan culture which pre-dated the Greeks in that part of the Mediterranean. The Minoan Culture was contemporaneous with ancient Egypt and Sumer, but their writings remain undeciphered. (Photo by Chris 73, Wikimedia Commons.)

What’s her name and what divine power did she represent? No one knows.  Whoever made her did so in about 1600 BC on Crete, during a time when a people called the Minoans lived there.  They did leave writings, called Linear A, but no one has deciphered them.

When women ruled the world? The impressive and predominantly feminine nature of the artwork of the Minoans excited the imaginations of those who first saw it.  There was a popular theory, circulating from the late 1800s that the earliest cultures of Europe were matriarchal and that they had religions based – literally – on sex.  These had been replaced, one way or another (but probably in a way that involved a lot of blood and gore), by patriarchal civilization. This idea was very exciting to the Victorian mind, naturally.  Sex and violence sold a story just as well a century ago as it does today.  Anyway, the man who discovered the relics of ancient Crete believed he had found proof that this theory was correct.

What do we really know about the people who made the Snake Goddess? The short answer is: not much.  The longer answer is that she was found at the palace of Knossos on the island of Crete, where a major urban seafaring culture thrived from about 3,000 BC until its overthrow by the early Greeks in about 1400 BC. Archaeologist Arthur Evans began excavating their remains in 1900 and dubbed them the Minoans after the Greek legend of King Minos of Crete.  The most extreme claims about this culture, made by Evans, were that it was the clearest known example of a matriarchal civilization and that it was an entirely or almost entirely peaceful civilization.  Most scholars feel these claims are exaggerated. It’s worth noting, however that no one has ever actually disprovedthis theory.  They’ve only — correctly — pointed out that there is no real proof the mythical matriarchy existed on Crete (or elsewhere.)

Leaving aside the matriarchal controversy, we are on much more solid ground in asserting the following very remarkable traits of this ancient culture:

1- The Minoans were a highly developed ancient urban culture whose wealthy civilization was built on a foundation of trade. They traded widely throughout the eastern Mediterranean, as far away as Palestine and Turkey and were even trading with Egypt at the time the Great Pyramids were being built.

2- There is little evidence of this being a warrior culture. Though some more recently discovered fortifications and weapons suggest it was not purely pacifistic, its artwork and other remains show no glorification of warriors, no hint of war, and no suggestion of killing or capturing enemies such as became highly favored topics in the art of the cultures of other places and of Greece in later times.

3- This society was relatively egalitarian.  Uncovered remains of their dwellings show that there was a much more narrow gap between rich and poor than would be common in later civilizations — including our own.

4- We can’t say for certain what the political structure of the Minoans was, but thereligion, according to the artwork which has been found here, appears to have involved primarily goddesses and to have been  run by women.

So, a culture based on trade not conquest, where equality rather than hierarchy was the norm, and with a religion based on goddess worship run by women.  That’s radical enough, frankly, for me.  Riane Eisler, in The Chalice and the Blade, recommended the ancient Cretans as a model for our own cultural self improvement.  I tend to agree.

What happened to the Minoans? The Minoan civilization had a string of bad luck in the middle of the second millenium BC (the 1,000’s). The beginning of the end for them happened when the Minoan owned island of Santorini suffered one of the largest volcanic eruptions on Earth in recorded history. The explosion turned most of the nice circular island into a thin C shape and then triggered a massive tsunami which wiped out the coastal cities of Minoan Crete.  Remember this was a  culture whose economy was based on seafaring trade, so that was probably a pretty big blow.  Not long afterward the Minoans were conquered by the Myceneans, a warrior people who were the original Greeks.  These were the people Homer later said fought the Trojan War.  Their culture was probably originally quite different from Minoan as their early ancestors were Indo-Europeans (nomadic, possibly patriarchal people from eastern Europe whose language is at the root of the languages now spoken throughout the western world).  But as warriors often do, they seem to have adopted a lot from the more advanced culture of the people they conquered.

Did they abandon or continue worship of the Snake Goddess? And if they continued it, did they give her a Greek name  still familiar to us today? Could one of the Olympians be a Minoan memory? The Myceneans left writings which have been translated, called Linear B. Already here, according to these, are Poseidon and Zeus, as well as several goddesses. If they wrote down the Snake Goddess’ name, then the suspects for mystery goddess include:  Diwia, a feminine form of Zeus’ name; Diktynna, a mountain and hunting goddess; a minor Greek goddess of childbirth; one of the Furies; and a Lady (Potnia) of the Labyrinth (Ariadne?). The Snake Goddess could be any of these or none, but I’ve left out my prime suspect. One more name on the list is Potnia Atana, most likely an early version of Lady Athena.  Athena, of course is the Goddess of Wisdom, so if she were originally the Minoan Snake Goddess, then the Minoan Snake Goddess might well be the original Goddess of Wisdom.  They say a picture is worth a thousand words, so I’ll leave you with my final thought in the form of two pictures–one, again, the snake goddess, and next to it, for comparison, a picture I also included in my most recent post discussing the relationship of Athena and the snake-headed Medusa:A seafaring Island Nation has many casualties at sea from storms. It is logical that the Matriarchal culture is a logical result of this condition. Inheritance, land ownership, proprietary trade contacts are all passed down to the mother or wife of the Sailor/captain of the ship. one only needs to look at early Cape Cod history through the epitaphs on the early gravestones to see the often catastrophic losses of husbands and sons at sea. homes and wealth stayed with the widow even if she re-married. It was exactly the same with the “Kfier” or Minoan culture. Female centered religious rites were the norm. Queen Jezebel is an additional example of the same cultural ethos which was the last surviving matriarchy. Even Moses was well aware of the snake as an integral part of the faith . I have been doing extensive research on the subject for some time.While it’s tempting to call this very powerful image of a trancing/invoking Priestess a Goddess, it’s wrong to slap a Greek Goddess’s name on a Cretan statue whose sophisticated culture predated the marauding Greeks by centuries. In Egypt there are ancient murals depicting stylish Egyptian women sporting the latest in Crete fashion. Sir Arthur Evans was so desperate to find Kind Minos (or evidence of any king really) on the heavily female-image laden Crete Islands that he painted over what was originally an ornately clothed female acrobat (on Cretan wall murals, women were -always- painted with white skin, men with red skin) & called it a “Prince.” Totally made up. Evans deservedly got a lot of flack later for his unprofessional “restoration jobs.” But it’s sad how history tends to gloss over Arthur Evans even greater faux pas of naming the “Minoan” culture after a mythical king (from a legend told by Greeks) whose remains were never found on those islands.

Palaces (anaktora) are the best-known Minoan building types excavated on Crete. They are monumental buildings serving administrative purposes, as evidenced by the largearchives unearthed by archaeologists. Each of the palaces excavated to date has its own unique features, but they also share features that set them apart from other structures. The palaces are often multi-storied, with interior and exterior staircases, light wells, massive columns, storage magazines, and courtyards.

Etymology[edit]

The term "Minoan" refers to the mythic "king" Minos of Knossos; who first coined the term is debated. It is commonly attributed to famed Minoan archeologist Arthur Evans (1851-1941).^[5] Minos was associated in Greek myth with the labyrinth, which Evans identified with the site at Knossos. However, Karl Hoeck used the name Das Minoische Kretas in 1825 for Volume II of his major work, Kreta, which would appear to be the first known use of the term Minoan to mean ancient Cretan. Likely, Arthur Evans read the book, continuing the use of the term in his own writings and findings. ^[6] Evans said:^[7]

"To this early civilization of Crete as a whole I have proposed — and the suggestion has been generally adopted by the archaeologists of this and other countries — to apply the name 'Minoan.'"

Evans claims to have applied it, but not to have invented it. Hoeck had in mind the Crete of mythology. He had no idea that the archaeological Crete had existed. Evans' 1931 claim that the term was "unminted" before his use of it has been tagged a "brazen suggestion" by Karadimas and Momigliano.^[6] However, Evans' statement applies to archaeological contexts. Since he was the one who discovered the civilization, and the term could not have been in use to mean it previously, he did coin that specific meaning.

What -is- found on the islands of Crete & the Palace/Temple of Knossos are murals & pottery showing scenes of two priestess/queens processing through their city in a chariot, two women of high status standing atop the highest city wall seeing off their navy, many coins, engravings, etc depicting priestesses/goddesses in ritual, & the evocative female statuary you’ve mentioned above. If any culture could be construed as matriarchal/matrilineal, Crete is a strong contender, especially if you can get it through your head that most matrilineal cultures are usually more gender-equitable than patriarchal ones. Be they the hunter gatherer tribes like the Dobe Kung! & Hadza, sophisticated queenships of the Ashanti & the Sudan, the priestess/shamans of ancient Thrace, or the matrilineal Korean & Native American cultures with their clan mothers, the argument of whether matriarchal/matrilineal cultures existed should be a moot point well proven by now.

History[edit]

Minoan chronology
3650–3000 BCE	EMI	Prepalatial
2900–2300 BCE	EMII
2300–2160 BCE	EMIII
2160–1900 BCE	MMIA
1900–1800 BCE	MMIB	Protopalatial (Old Palace Period)
1800–1700 BCE	MMII
1700–1640 BCE	MMIIIA	Neopalatial (New Palace Period)
1640–1600 BCE	MMIIIB
1600–1480 BCE	LMIA
1480–1425 BCE	LMIB
1425–1390 BCE	LMII	Postpalatial (At Knossos, Final Palace Period)
1390–1370 BCE	LMIIIA1
1370–1340 BCE	LMIIIA2
1340–1190 BCE	LMIIIB
1190–1170 BCE	LMIIIC
1100 BCE	Subminoan

The oldest evidence of inhabitants on Crete are preceramicNeolithic farming community remains that date to approximately 7000 BCE.^[13] A comparative study of DNA haplogroups of modern Cretan men showed that a male founder group, from Anatolia or the Levant, is shared with the Greeks.^[14] The neolithic population dwelt in open villages. Fishermen's huts were built on the shores, while the fertile Mesara Plain was used for agriculture.^[15]

The Bronze Age began in Crete around 2700 BCE.^[16] In the late 3rd millennium BCE, several localities on the island developed into centers of commerce and handwork. This enabled the upper classes to continuously practice leadership activities and to expand their influence. It is likely that the original hierarchies of the local elites were replaced by monarchist power structures – a precondition for the creation of the great palaces.^[17] From the Early Bronze Age (3500 BCE to 2600 BCE), the Minoan civilization on Crete showed a promise of greatness.^[18]

At the end of the MMII period (1700 BCE), there was a large disturbance in Crete, probably an earthquake, or possibly an invasion from Anatolia.^[19] The palaces at Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, and Kato Zakros were destroyed. But with the start of the Neopalatial period, population increased again,^[20] the palaces were rebuilt on a larger scale and new settlements were built all over the island. This period (the 17th and 16th centuries BCE, MM III / Neopalatial) represents the apex of the Minoan civilization. There was another natural catastrophe around 1600 BCE, possibly an eruption of the Thera volcano. The Minoans rebuilt the palaces, however they drastically changed.^[17][21]

The influence of the Minoan civilization outside Crete has been seen in the evidence of valuable Minoan handicraft items on the Greek mainland. It is likely that the ruling house of Mycenae was connected to the Minoan trade network. After around 1700 BCE, the material culture on the Greek mainland achieved a new level due to Minoan influence.^[17] Connections between Egypt and Crete are prominent. Minoan ceramics are found in Egyptian cities and the Minoans imported several items from Egypt, especially papyrus, as well as architectural and artistic ideas. The Egyptian hieroglyphs served as a model for the Minoan pictographic writing, from which the famous Linear A and Linear B writing systems later developed.^[15]Bengtson has also demonstrated Minoan influence among Canaanite artifacts.

Around 1450 BCE, Minoan culture experienced a turning point due to a natural catastrophe, possibly an earthquake. Another eruption of the Thera volcano has been linked to this downfall, but its dating and implications remain controversial. Several important palaces in locations such as Mallia, Tylissos, Phaistos, Hagia Triade as well as the living quarters of Knossos were destroyed. The palace in Knossos seems to have remained largely intact. This resulted in the Dynasty in Knossos being able to spread its influence over large parts of Crete, until it was overrun by Mycenaean Greeks.^[17]

The Minoan palace sites were occupied by the Mycenaeans around 1420 BCE^[22] (1375 BCE according to other sources),^[17] who adapted the Linear A Minoan script to the needs of their own Mycenaean language. It was a form of Greek, which was written in Linear B. The first such archive anywhere is in the LMII-era "Room of the Chariot Tablets". The Mycenaeans generally tended to adapt, rather than destroy, Minoan culture, religion and art.^[23] They continued to operate the economic system and bureaucracy of the Minoans.^[17]

During LMIIIA:1, Amenhotep III at Kom el-Hatan took note of k-f-t-w (Kaftor) as one of the "Secret Lands of the North of Asia". Also mentioned are Cretan cities, such as Ἀμνισός (Amnisos), Φαιστός (Phaistos), Κυδωνία (Kydonia) and Kνωσσός (Knossos) and some toponyms reconstructed as belonging to the Cyclades or the Greek mainland. If the values of these Egyptian names are accurate, then this Pharaoh did not privilege LMIII Knossos above the other states in the region.

After about a century of partial recovery, most Cretan cities and palaces went into decline in the 13th century BC (LHIIIB/LMIIIB). The last Linear A archives date to LMIIIA (contemporary with LHIIIA).

Knossos remained an administrative center until 1200 BCE. The last of the Minoan sites was the defensive mountain site ofKarfi, a refuge site which displays vestiges of Minoan civilization almost into the Iron Age.^[24]

Here again, with snakes in hand, and an animal which appears to be a cat on her head, the ancient Minoan Snake Goddess.

And here, for comparison, the picture I posted two days ago of Athena, Goddess of Wisdom. In this statue, created 1200 years later than the Snake Goddess, Athena is pictured with a snake by her side and a cat woman (Sphinx, a lion goddess) on her head. Coincidence? You decide.

1.  "Ancient Crete" in Oxford Bibliographies Online: Classics, offers a scholarly guide to the academic literature on this topic.
2. Jump up^ Durant, Will (1939). "The Life of Greece". The Story of Civilization II. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 21.
3. Jump up^ Wilford, J.N., "On Crete, New Evidence of Very Ancient Mariners", The New York Times, Feb 2010
4. Jump up^ Bowner, B., "Hominids Went Out of Africa on Rafts",Wired, Jan 2010
5. Jump up^ John Bennet, "Minoan civilization", Oxford Classical Dictionary, 3rd ed., p. 985.
6. ^ Jump up to:^a b Karadimas, Nektarios; Momigliano, Nicoletta (2004)."On the Term 'Minoan' before Evans's Work in Crete (1894)" (PDF). Studi micenei ed egeo-anatolici (Roma: Edizione del 'Ateneo) 46 (2): 243–258.
7. Jump up^ Evans 1921, p. 1.
8. Jump up^ Manning, Sturt W; Ramsey, CB; Kutschera, W; Higham, T; Kromer, B; Steier, P; Wild, EM (2006). "Chronology for the Aegean Late Bronze Age 1700-1400 BCE". Science(American Association for the Advancement of Science)312 (5773): 565–569. Bibcode:2006Sci...312..565M.doi:10.1126/science.1125682. PMID 16645092. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
9. Jump up^ Friedrich, Walter L; Kromer, B; Friedrich, M; Heinemeier, J; Pfeiffer, T; Talamo, S (2006). "Santorini Eruption Radiocarbon Dated to 1627–1600 B.C". Science(American Association for the Advancement of Science)312 (5773): 548. doi:10.1126/science.1125087.PMID 16645088. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
10. Jump up^ "Chronology". Thera Foundation. Retrieved 2009-01-03.
11. Jump up^ Balter, M (2006). "New Carbon Dates Support Revised